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Related Experiment Videos

The neurotrophic factor concept: a reexamination

S Korsching1

  • 1Max-Planck-Institut für Entwicklungsbiologie, Abteilung Physikalische Biologie, Tübingen, Germany.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|July 1, 1993
PubMed
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Neurotrophic factors, like Nerve Growth Factor (NGF), regulate neuronal survival and differentiation. Research suggests multiple retrograde signals, or neurotrophins, coordinate neuronal development and target tissue matching.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • The neurotrophic factor concept explains how target tissues regulate neuronal survival during development.
  • Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) was the first identified neurotrophic factor, regulating sympathetic neuron survival and differentiation.
  • The concept posits that target tissues produce signals to match neuronal populations with their targets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the neurotrophic factor concept and its molecular realization.
  • To discuss the extended definition of neurotrophic factors including neuronal differentiation.
  • To present the hypothesis of multiple retrograde trophic messengers and its extension to the CNS.

Main Methods:

  • Review of historical observations and experimental manipulations of target tissue.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Identification and characterization of Nerve Growth Factor (NGF).
  • Extension of the neurotrophic hypothesis to the central nervous system (CNS) and related molecules (neurotrophins).

    • Main Results:

    • NGF regulates survival, neurite growth, and neurotransmitter production in sympathetic neurons.
    • NGF is retrogradely transported from target cells to neuronal somas.
    • A family of NGF-related molecules, neurotrophins, has been identified, supporting the multiple retrograde signal hypothesis.

    Conclusions:

    • Neurotrophic factors are crucial for matching neuronal populations with target tissues.
    • The concept of neurotrophic factors has evolved to include neuronal differentiation beyond survival.
    • The existence of multiple neurotrophins supports a modular approach to nervous system construction and maintenance.