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[Comparative hierarchic structure of the genetic language]

V A Ratner

    Genetika
    |May 1, 1993
    PubMed
    Summary

    Genetic language, like human and programming languages, exhibits a hierarchical structure with multiple coding levels. This organization suggests similar evolutionary and functional principles across these distinct communication systems.

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    Area of Science:

    • Genetics
    • Bioinformatics
    • Linguistics

    Background:

    • Genetic texts and language operate on a hierarchical principle.
    • They comprise at least 6 levels of coding sequences (codons, cistrons, scriptons, replicons, linkage groups, genomes).
    • Each level possesses language-like attributes, including punctuation and separation markers.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the hierarchical structure of genetic language.
    • To compare genetic language with human natural languages and artificial programming languages.
    • To explore the principles of appearance and evolution in these linguistic systems.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of genetic coding sequences and their hierarchical organization.
    • Comparative linguistic analysis of genetic, natural, and programming languages.
    • Identification of shared organizational principles and hierarchical structures.

    Main Results:

    • Genetic language is characterized by a 6-level hierarchy with distinct coding sequences.
    • Variability in genetic texts arises from block-modular combinatorics across these levels.
    • Intermediate sublevels and combinable module types exist between main levels.

    Conclusions:

    • Genetic language shares fundamental organizational and hierarchical principles with human and programming languages.
    • These similarities suggest commonalities in the origin and evolution of these diverse linguistic systems.
    • Genetic language functions as a technical language for genetic regulatory systems, despite its natural origin.

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