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Segmental vascular pressures in lung embolism

I C Ehrhart1, W F Hofman

  • 1Department of Physiology and Endocrinology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta 30912-3000.

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|May 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Glass bead embolism increased lung vascular permeability and resistance. Embolism caused vasoconstriction and obstruction, primarily in 100-micron arteries, leading to increased filtration pressure.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary physiology
  • Vascular biology
  • Microcirculation research

Background:

  • Pulmonary embolism can lead to increased vascular permeability and edema.
  • Understanding the mechanisms of vascular resistance changes during embolism is crucial for managing lung injury.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of 100-micron glass bead embolism on canine lung lobe microvascular filtration pressure and vascular permeability.
  • To determine the contribution of vasoconstriction and obstruction to increased vascular resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Isolated perfused dog lung lobes were embolized with 100-micron glass beads.
  • Groups were designed for weight gain (edema) or no weight gain (isogravimetric).
  • Vascular permeability was assessed using the solvent drag reflection coefficient (sigma); filtration pressure was estimated using occlusion techniques (Pao-Pdo).

Main Results:

  • Vascular permeability significantly increased in embolized lobes (sigma 0.53) compared to controls (sigma 0.80).
  • Embolism increased vascular resistance, with the greatest increase in the Pao-Pdo segment, indicating obstruction and/or vasoconstriction.
  • Papaverine-induced vasodilation reduced total resistance by decreasing Pao, suggesting both vasoconstriction and obstruction contributed to the resistance increase.
  • Estimated average filtration pressure (Pdo) showed a relatively small increase in embolized lobes compared to controls.

Conclusions:

  • 100-micron glass bead embolism increases pulmonary vascular permeability and resistance.
  • The increase in resistance is attributed to both vasoconstriction and mechanical obstruction, likely within 100-micron arteries.
  • Filtration pressure increases modestly despite significant increases in permeability and resistance.

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