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Parents in jail

K J Kemper1, F P Rivara

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle.

Pediatrics
|August 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Nearly 1 in 50 US children have an incarcerated parent, often due to substance abuse and prior offenses. Parental imprisonment is common, chronic, and linked to family health issues, necessitating screening in assessments.

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Area of Science:

  • Criminology
  • Public Health
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Parental incarceration is a significant social issue impacting children.
  • Previous estimates of children with incarcerated parents are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the number of children with incarcerated parents in US jails.
  • To characterize the demographic and criminal history profiles of incarcerated parents.
  • To identify associated parental health and substance abuse issues.

Main Methods:

  • Study conducted in 1989 using data from local jails, representing 36.5% of the US incarcerated population.
  • Personal interviews conducted with 5675 inmates randomly selected from 3312 local jails.
  • Data collected on parental status, demographics, criminal history, and substance abuse.

Main Results:

  • 36% of interviewed inmates (44,263) had children under 15.
  • Fathers were 10 times more common than mothers; parents were typically young, unmarried, and less educated.
  • Most parents had prior offenses; substance abuse was a factor in one-third of incarcerations.
  • 84% reported substance abuse, with 95% having sought prior treatment for substance abuse or mental health issues.

Conclusions:

  • Approximately 1 in 50 US children have a parent in jail.
  • Parental imprisonment is frequent, often ongoing, and associated with family psychosocial and health problems.
  • Screening for parental imprisonment should be considered in comprehensive biopsychosocial assessments.

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