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Thoracic actinomycosis

M J Hsieh1, H P Liu, J P Chang

  • 1Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.

Chest
|August 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Thoracic actinomycosis, a rare infection, often mimics lung tumors, delaying diagnosis. Prompt medical or surgical treatment leads to good outcomes for this uncommon pulmonary disease.

Area of Science:

  • Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Actinomycotic infection is rare, with primary thoracic actinomycosis infrequently reported.
  • This condition can present insidiously as a chronic illness, mimicking lung tumors or suppurative lung disease on radiographic imaging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical diagnosis and management of thoracic actinomycosis based on institutional experience.
  • To raise physician awareness of this unusual infectious entity.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 17 cases of thoracic actinomycosis diagnosed between 1984 and 1990.
  • Diagnostic methods included aspiration, anaerobic sputum culture, bronchoscopic biopsy, and histological examination of resected tissue.
  • Treatment strategies involved medical management (antibiotics) and surgical intervention followed by antibiotics.

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Main Results:

  • Accurate diagnosis was not made upon hospital admission in any of the 17 cases.
  • Nine patients presented with suppurative lesions, and eight were initially suspected of having primary lung tumors.
  • Both medically and surgically treated patients achieved good clinical results with uneventful postoperative courses.

Conclusions:

  • Thoracic actinomycosis is an uncommon condition that requires a high index of suspicion for diagnosis.
  • Early and appropriate treatment, whether medical or surgical, leads to favorable outcomes.
  • Physicians should consider actinomycosis in the differential diagnosis of chronic pulmonary and chest wall infections.