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Halitosis: knowing when 'bad breath' signals systemic disease
T M Durham1, T Malloy, E D Hodges
1Department of Family Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha.
Geriatrics
|August 1, 1993
Summary
Halitosis in older adults can signal serious health issues, not just social concerns. Differentiating oral from nonoral causes is key for proper diagnosis and treatment of bad breath.
Area of Science:
- Geriatric Medicine
- Oral Health
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Halitosis (bad breath) is prevalent in older adults.
- It can stem from various oral or nonoral origins.
- Beyond social impact, it may indicate underlying health conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the importance of identifying the source of halitosis in the elderly.
- To guide primary care physicians in diagnosing halitosis etiologies.
- To differentiate between oral and nonoral causes of bad breath.
Main Methods:
- Clinical assessment of halitosis in older adults.
- Distinguishing odor characteristics to determine origin.
- Review of potential systemic and local contributing factors.
Main Results:
- Halitosis can be a symptom of serious conditions like diabetes, liver failure, or respiratory infections.
- Distinct odor qualities can aid in identifying the source.
- Oral causes often require dental intervention.
Conclusions:
- Primary care physicians must evaluate halitosis to rule out significant underlying diseases.
- Nonoral halitosis necessitates treating the root systemic cause.
- Suspected oral halitosis warrants prompt dental referral for effective management.