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Multiple sclerosis: a literature review

C M Miller1, M Hens

  • 1Buffalo General Hospital, Department of Neurology, New York 14203.

The Journal of Neuroscience Nursing : Journal of the American Association of Neuroscience Nurses
|June 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Multiple sclerosis (MS) affects 250,000-350,000 individuals, primarily young adults, causing progressive disability. While the exact cause remains unknown, a viral trigger in genetically susceptible people is suspected.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease with a history spanning over 150 years.
  • An estimated 250,000 to 350,000 people in the United States are affected by MS.
  • The disease predominantly impacts young adults aged 20-50, often leading to a relapsing-remitting course and progressive functional decline.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of the current understanding of multiple sclerosis pathology.
  • To highlight the epidemiological characteristics and suspected etiology of MS.
  • To emphasize the importance of neuroscience nurses staying informed about MS research.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of historical and current research on multiple sclerosis.

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  • Analysis of epidemiological data regarding MS incidence and affected demographics.
  • Discussion of proposed etiological factors, including viral exposure and genetic predisposition.
  • Main Results:

    • The precise cause of MS is yet to be identified.
    • A leading hypothesis suggests MS may result from exposure to an unknown virus in genetically susceptible individuals.
    • Disease incidence varies geographically, being lower in temperate climates and higher in northern latitudes.

    Conclusions:

    • Understanding the pathology and epidemiology of MS is crucial for healthcare professionals, especially neuroscience nurses.
    • Continued research is necessary to elucidate the precipitating cause of multiple sclerosis.
    • Familiarity with current MS literature is essential for effective patient care and management.