The inhibition of HIV-1 protease by interface peptides

Previous studies have shown that some peptides derived from one of the terminal amino acid segments of the homodimeric HIV-1 protease show moderate inhibition of this enzyme probably by interfering with the "interface" structure formed by the four terminal segments of the dimer. Different peptides, with improved inhibitory potency, were devised by computer modelling, synthesized, and tested. Ac-TVSFNF, the short peptide with the best inhibition so far (IC50 = 80 microM) is identical with the C-terminal part of the gag-pol frame shift protein p6*. This suggests a regulatory function of p6* as a dimerization inhibitor of HIV protease in the virion. Peptides derived from the active site sequence of PR are inactive. The two terminal hexapeptides of reverse transcriptase are also inactive in the HIV-1 PR activity assay.