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Related Experiment Videos

Monocular temporal hemianopia

S A Hershenfeld1, J A Sharpe

  • 1Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit, Toronto Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada.

The British Journal of Ophthalmology
|July 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Monocular temporal hemianopia, often caused by juxta-sellar lesions compressing the optic nerve, can be diagnosed using pupillary defect tests. This visual field defect specifically impacts the temporal vision of one eye.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neurology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Monocular temporal hemianopia is a specific visual field defect.
  • Juxta-sellar lesions are common causes.
  • Understanding the anatomical basis is crucial for diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causes and diagnostic features of monocular temporal hemianopia.
  • To correlate imaging findings with clinical presentation.
  • To elucidate the pathophysiology of this visual field defect.

Main Methods:

  • Patient case review.
  • Visual field testing.
  • Neuroimaging (CT and MRI) of the juxta-sellar region.
  • Ophthalmic examination including pupillary testing.

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Main Results:

  • Twenty-four patients presented with monocular temporal hemianopia.
  • Juxta-sellar lesions were identified in 19 patients, including pituitary adenomas, meningiomas, craniopharyngioma, and astrocytoma.
  • A relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) was common; optic disc pallor was also noted.
  • Functional field loss and congenital optic disc dysversion were identified in a minority of cases.

Conclusions:

  • Monocular temporal hemianopia is frequently caused by juxta-sellar masses compressing the anterior optic nerve.
  • The presence of an RAPD and optic disc pallor alongside the visual field defect strongly suggests optic nerve compression.
  • Accurate diagnosis relies on integrating clinical findings with advanced neuroimaging.