[The matrix metalloproteinase gene family: structure, function, expression, and role in destructive joint disease]

The matrix metalloproteinases, i.e. collagenases, gelatinases and stromelysins, are members of a gene family. They are capable of degrading every component of the extracellular matrix. Tissue destruction observed in inflammatory joint disease is largely accounted for by the action of these enzymes. Among the most potent inducers of metalloproteinase expression are the inflammatory cytokines IL-1 and TNF-alpha. Studies of mechanisms of induction by these mediators at the transcriptional level have improved our understanding of the biological controls of metalloproteinase synthesis. Cytokine inhibitors might serve to inhibit or postpone the crippling consequences of metalloproteinase action.