[Dual x-ray absorptiometry in the diagnosis of osteoporosis]

The author presents a review providing information on contemporary modern radiological possibilities as regards the diagnosis of osteoporosis at the First Orthopaedic Clinic in Bratislava. At present this department possesses a densitometer LUNAR DPX-L. This apparatus assesses the bone density on the basis of double X-ray absorption. The software available at present makes it possible to assess the bone density of the lumbar spine in the anterio-posterior and lateral projection, as well as the proximal femur and whole body. The mean time required for assessment is 4 mins. 24 secs. to 16 mins. 30 secs. The mean radiation load of the patient is 1.5 mrem, the maximal load 3.5 mrem. The apparatus compares the assessed density values with mean values of the healthy population, it evaluates automatically statistical values of the Z and T score. These results are presented either as a coloured graph or as values of bone mineral density and bone mineral content. The author explains in more detail the principle of modern densitometry and its development during the past three decades.