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Related Experiment Videos

Perceiving oneself as 'disabled' or as having a 'disabling condition': a discriminant function analysis

H H Krauss1, T Mehnert, R B Nadler

  • 1Hunter College, New York.

International Journal of Rehabilitation Research. Internationale Zeitschrift Fur Rehabilitationsforschung. Revue Internationale De Recherches De Readaptation
|June 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Understanding disability involves more than just physical limitations. Key factors include perceived social support, self-assessed severity, and environmental fit, influencing whether individuals identify as disabled.

Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Disability Studies
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • The definition and self-identification of disability are complex, influenced by individual perceptions and social factors.
  • Previous research has not fully elucidated the multifaceted nature of self-ascribed disability among diverse populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify key differentiating factors between individuals who self-identify as disabled and those who do not.
  • To explore the influence of social perceptions, self-assessment, and environmental factors on disability identification.

Main Methods:

  • Discriminant function analysis was employed on data from a national random sample of 1000 Americans with self-ascribed disabling conditions.
  • Telephone interviews were conducted to gather information on various individual and social descriptors.

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Main Results:

  • A six-descriptor equation effectively distinguished between self-identified disabled and non-disabled individuals.
  • The most significant predictors were: belief in others' perception of disability, self-rated severity, identification with disabled peers, gender, perceived limitations, and need for walking equipment.
  • Gender-specific differences in these predictive equations were observed.

Conclusions:

  • Self-identification of disability is significantly influenced by a combination of social, personal, and environmental factors.
  • The findings highlight the importance of considering an individual's perceived fit within their environment when understanding disability.
  • These insights can inform more nuanced approaches to disability support and policy.