Expression of lectin-specific cellular glycoconjugates during oral carcinogenesis

The binding pattern of two lectins, concanavalin A (ConA) and peanut agglutin (PNA), in various phases of tumour progression in the oral epithelium was studied. These included non-dysplastic, dysplastic and neoplastic lesions as well as normal tissue. ConA and PNA showed intense staining in the basement membrane of all types of lesions. Little difference was observed in the staining patterns between different stages of oral carcinogenesis, either with ConA or PNA. ConA showed mild cytoplasmic and membrane staining in all types of lesions while PNA showed moderate to intense staining in both the cytoplasm and membrane of lower-layer cells in all histological groups. The present study therefore shows that these lectins have limited value in the elucidation of oral carcinogenesis and are of insignificant diagnostic value.