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Related Experiment Videos

Underweight - a nutritional risk?

B D Richardson

    South African Medical Journal = Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif Vir Geneeskunde
    |January 8, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary

    Childhood growth in South Africa shows improvements in weight-for-age and height, particularly among Black children, despite no dietary interventions. These findings highlight the importance of monitoring both weight and height for assessing child development.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Nutrition
    • Anthropometry
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Weight-for-age and height studies are crucial for assessing child growth and nutritional status.
    • South African children, especially preschool and school-aged populations, have historically faced challenges with underweight conditions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze trends in weight-for-age and mean weight and height among South African children.
    • To identify changes in the incidence of underweight and growth patterns over time.
    • To evaluate the impact of potential factors on child growth, excluding direct dietary interventions.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized weight-for-age data based on Harvard standards.
    • Analyzed mean weight and height measurements across different age groups and ethnicities (White and Black children).
    • Compared growth profiles and incidence of underweight over time, noting specific demographic variations.

    Main Results:

    • 25% of preschool children and 50-75% of young non-White school-children were underweight for age.
    • Underweight incidence peaked at 12 years and declined by 17 years without dietary intervention.
    • Black children showed a decrease in underweight incidence, though it remains high, alongside significant increases in mean weight and height, especially in rural groups.
    • White children exhibited similar underweight profiles but at lower incidences, with some preschool groups experiencing height decreases.

    Conclusions:

    • Despite the absence of dietary interventions, a notable decrease in underweight-for-age and increases in mean weight and height were observed over a short period.
    • Growth assessment should consider both height and weight to accurately determine satisfactory development in children.
    • Observed improvements suggest potential underlying socioeconomic or environmental factors influencing child growth in South Africa.

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