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Persistent sciatic artery: embryology, pathology, and treatment

S K Brantley1, E E Rigdon, S Raju

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson 39216.

Journal of Vascular Surgery
|August 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Persistent sciatic artery is a rare congenital anomaly where the embryonic artery to the lower limb fails to involute. This condition can lead to critical limb ischemia due to aneurysms or thrombosis, requiring careful surgical management.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Surgery
  • Embryology
  • Anatomic Anomalies

Background:

  • The sciatic artery is the primary embryonic blood supply to the lower limb.
  • It typically involutes during fetal development, with remnants forming the popliteal and peroneal arteries.
  • Persistence of the sciatic artery is a rare vascular anomaly in adults.

Observation:

  • Two cases of persistent sciatic artery are presented.
  • One patient had an aneurysm causing acute limb ischemia, treated with thrombolysis and graft repair.
  • The second patient had an incidental finding in the context of Buerger's disease.

Findings:

  • Persistent sciatic artery can be the major blood supply to the lower extremity.
  • It is frequently associated with aneurysms, leading to thrombosis or embolization.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Misidentification can result in inappropriate treatment of superficial femoral artery disease.

    • Implications:

    • Recognition of this anomaly is crucial for appropriate surgical planning.
    • Management options include graft replacement and femoropopliteal bypass.
    • Intraarterial thrombolytic therapy may be beneficial for selected cases of limb ischemia.