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Locative prepositional phrases in severe aphasia

M Weinrich1, D McCall, L Shoosmith

  • 1Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore.

Brain and Language
|July 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Computerized alternative communication systems like C-VIC can help individuals with severe aphasia, including Broca's aphasia, to comprehend and produce locative prepositions. This technology may improve language mapping abilities in aphasic patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurolinguistics
  • Speech and Language Pathology
  • Rehabilitation Technology

Background:

  • Aphasia, particularly Broca's aphasia, often involves significant difficulties in producing and comprehending complex grammatical structures, such as locative prepositions.
  • Existing communication challenges for individuals with severe aphasia can limit their ability to express spatial relationships and engage in effective communication.
  • The 'mapping' deficit is a hypothesized impairment in some Broca's aphasia patients, affecting the link between linguistic meaning and grammatical form.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of a computerized alternative communication system, C-VIC (Computerized Visual Communication), in improving the production and comprehension of locative prepositions in severely aphasic patients.
  • To assess whether C-VIC can facilitate the correct ordering of symbols representing locative prepositional phrases in patients with Broca's aphasia.

Related Experiment Videos

  • To explore the potential of C-VIC as an assistive tool to ameliorate the 'mapping' impairment associated with Broca's aphasia.

    • Main Methods:

    • Six patients with severe aphasia (including global and Broca's types) underwent training with the C-VIC system.
    • Performance was evaluated based on the patients' ability to produce and comprehend locative prepositions using C-VIC.
    • Specific attention was given to the correct symbol order in C-VIC phrases and the impact on verbal production post-training.

    Main Results:

    • All participating patients, regardless of aphasia type (global or Broca's), demonstrated the ability to produce and comprehend locative prepositions via C-VIC.
    • Broca's aphasic patients successfully produced and interpreted correct symbol order within C-VIC locative prepositional phrases, surpassing their abilities with spoken English.
    • One patient exhibited a marked improvement in the verbal production of locative prepositional phrases following C-VIC training.

    Conclusions:

    • The C-VIC system effectively supports the use of locative prepositions in individuals with severe aphasia, including those with Broca's aphasia.
    • Alternative communication systems like C-VIC may offer a viable strategy to overcome specific linguistic deficits, such as the 'mapping' impairment, in Broca's aphasia.
    • These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of technology-aided communication interventions for enhancing language function in aphasia.