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Does childhood personality predict longevity?

H S Friedman1, J S Tucker, C Tomlinson-Keasey

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside 92521-0126.

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
|July 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Childhood conscientiousness predicts long-term survival, demonstrating personality

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Longevity Studies
  • Health Outcomes

Background:

  • Personality traits in childhood are theorized to influence adult health and lifespan.
  • Longitudinal studies are crucial for understanding long-term health trajectories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between childhood personality dimensions and longevity.
  • To test key personality-health models using long-term survival data.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from a 7-decade longitudinal study initiated in 1921.
  • Employed statistical survival analyses on personality variables from 1,178 participants.
  • Examined major personality dimensions as predictors of longevity.

Main Results:

  • Childhood conscientiousness was significantly associated with increased survival in middle to old age.
  • Optimism and sense of humor (cheerfulness) showed an inverse relationship with longevity.
  • Established a link between early personality traits and survival decades later.

Conclusions:

  • Childhood personality, particularly conscientiousness, is a significant predictor of long-term survival.
  • The findings support the validity of conscientiousness as a key personality dimension.
  • Reconceptualization of the health relevance of cheerfulness may be necessary.

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