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Arterial hypertension in infants with hydronephrosis. Report of six cases
Insights
Infants with hydronephrosis can develop hypertension, often linked to urinary tract infections. Some cases resolve after treatment, while others may indicate persistent issues requiring further investigation.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Neonatal Hypertension
Background:
- Hydronephrosis in infants is a congenital condition affecting kidney development.
- Hypertension in early life is a critical concern requiring thorough investigation.
Observation:
- Six infants with hydronephrosis presented with hypertension within their first year.
- Five infants experienced transient hypertensive episodes, often associated with acute urinary tract infections.
Findings:
- One infant with ureteropelvic junction obstruction and unilateral hydronephrosis became normotensive post-nephrectomy.
- A sixth infant with bilateral hydronephrosis and elevated renin activity exhibited persistent hypertension.
Implications:
- Infants with hydronephrosis may be susceptible to acute hypertensive episodes.
- Urinary tract infections and renal anomalies are potential contributors to hypertension in infants.
- Further research into the mechanisms of hypertension in pediatric hydronephrosis is warranted.
Abstract:
Six infants with hydronephrosis developed hypertension during the first year of life. Five of them, all with proved or suspected acute urinary tract infection, had transient hypertensive episodes lasting for 7 to 17 days. One of the five infants, who had ureteropelvic junction obstruction and unilateral hydronephrosis, remained normotensive after nephrectomy. The sixth patient, with bilateral hydronephrosis and elevated peripheral vein renin activity, has had persistent hypertension. We discuss possible mechanisms underlying hypertension in these infants and suggest that young patients with hydronephrosis may be unusually predisposed to acute hypertensive episodes.