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The biologic basis of posttraumatic stress
1Erich Lindemann Trauma Clinic, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston.
Primary Care
|June 1, 1993
Abstract:
The psychological effects of trauma are accompanied by biologic changes in the stress response that persist when people develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This article explores the nature of this altered stress response; provides a review of the symptomatology of PTSD; describes how developmental level affects the biology of the trauma response, the stress response, and the psychobiology of PTSD; and discusses the implications for psychopharmacologic treatment.