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An immunosensor for syphilis screening based on surface plasmon resonance

A H Sevars¹, R B Schasfoort, M H Salden

¹Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO).

Biosensors & Bioelectronics

|January 1, 1993

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A new surface plasmon resonance (SPR) immunosensor effectively screens for syphilis by detecting antibodies to Treponema pallidum. This method shows promising results comparable to traditional syphilis tests.

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Immunosensors
Infectious Disease Diagnostics

Background:

Syphilis diagnosis relies on detecting antibodies against Treponema pallidum.
Current diagnostic methods can be time-consuming or require specialized equipment.
Development of rapid and sensitive diagnostic tools is crucial for public health.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and evaluate a novel surface plasmon resonance (SPR) immunosensor for syphilis screening.
To assess the sensor's ability to detect antibodies specific to Treponema pallidum in patient serum.
To compare the performance of the SPR immunosensor with established syphilis diagnostic assays.

Main Methods:

Utilized a recombinant Treponema pallidum membrane protein A (TmpA) as the capture antigen.

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Employed a 'sandwich SPR' technique involving a secondary antibody for signal amplification.

Real-time monitoring of antibody binding to the immobilized antigen.

Validation using ten blind-coded serum samples and comparison with TPHA, FTA-ABS, VDRL, and TmpA-ELISA.

Main Results:

The SPR immunosensor demonstrated reproducible detection of anti-Treponema pallidum antibodies.
Results from the SPR immunosensor showed strong correlation with conventional syphilis tests.
Direct 'one-step SPR' measurement of serum was not yet feasible due to sample non-uniformity.

Conclusions:

The developed SPR immunosensor is a viable tool for syphilis screening, offering comparable accuracy to established methods.
The 'sandwich SPR' approach provides reliable detection of specific antibodies.
Further optimization, potentially using latex beads, is needed to enable direct serum measurement.