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Mesenteric infarction

M I Kairaluoma, Karkola P, D Heikkinen

    American Journal of Surgery
    |February 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary

    Mesenteric infarction, often caused by arterial thrombosis or embolus, has a high mortality rate, especially in surgical patients. Early diagnosis and aggressive treatment, including bowel resection, are crucial for survival.

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    Area of Science:

    • Gastroenterology
    • Vascular Surgery
    • Abdominal Imaging

    Background:

    • Mesenteric infarction is a critical condition with significant morbidity and mortality.
    • Understanding the common and rare etiologies is essential for diagnosis and management.
    • Previous studies highlight the challenges in early detection and effective treatment.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the etiologies and outcomes of mesenteric infarction in a patient cohort.
    • To evaluate the effectiveness of different treatment strategies, including medical and surgical interventions.
    • To emphasize the importance of prompt diagnosis and management in improving patient survival.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective analysis of 51 patients diagnosed with mesenteric infarction.
    • Categorization of etiologies, including arterial thrombosis, embolus, and rare vascular diseases.
    • Comparison of outcomes between medically and surgically treated patients, with a focus on mortality rates.

    Main Results:

    • Arterial thrombosis (42%) was the most common cause, followed by infarction without major vessel occlusion (28%) and arterial embolus (22%).
    • Two cases of malignant atrophic papulosis of Degos were identified as rare causes.
    • The mortality rate for the 44 operative patients was 70%, and all medically treated patients died.
    • Bowel resections demonstrated the best outcomes in this series.

    Conclusions:

    • Mesenteric infarction requires high clinical suspicion, particularly in elderly cardiac patients presenting with acute abdominal symptoms.
    • Early diagnosis, rapid resuscitation, and aggressive surgical intervention are paramount for improving survival rates.
    • Treatment strategies should be individualized based on etiology and symptom onset time, with bowel resection often yielding favorable results.

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