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Sex differences in Necturus urinary bladders

M E Lefevre, J Norris, R Hammer

    The Anatomical Record
    |January 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Male and female Necturus maculosus amphibians exhibit distinct urinary bladder morphologies. These anatomical differences in epithelial cells and tissue characteristics are likely influenced by androgen hormones.

    Area of Science:

    • Comparative anatomy
    • Amphibian biology
    • Urogenital system research

    Background:

    • Sexual dimorphism in vertebrate organs is common.
    • The urodele amphibian Necturus maculosus serves as a model for studying reproductive biology.
    • Urinary bladder structure and function can vary significantly between sexes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate and describe morphological sex differences in the urinary bladders of Necturus maculosus.
    • To correlate observed morphological differences with physiological parameters.
    • To explore the potential role of androgens in these observed differences.

    Main Methods:

    • Light and scanning electron microscopy were used to examine bladder mucosal surfaces.
    • Histochemical staining (PAS) was employed to assess cellular material.

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  • Transepithelial potential difference and tissue water content were measured.
  • Urine composition was analyzed for sex-based variations.

    • Main Results:

    • Male Necturus maculosus bladders featured tall mucosal epithelial cells with abundant PAS-positive material, microplicae, and cilia.
    • Female bladders had low epithelial cells lacking distinct boundaries, cilia, or microplicae, with minimal PAS-positive material.
    • Male bladders exhibited higher transepithelial potential difference and lower water content compared to females.
    • No significant differences in urine composition were found between sexes.

    Conclusions:

    • Significant morphological and physiological sex differences exist in Necturus maculosus urinary bladders.
    • These differences suggest a role for androgens in male urodele bladder development and function.
    • Further research into androgenic influence on amphibian urogenital systems is warranted.