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Characterization of Salmonella enteritidis strains
C Poppe1, K A McFadden, A M Brouwer
1Health of Animals Laboratory, Agriculture Canada, Guelph, Ontario.
Summary
This study characterized Salmonella enteritidis strains from Canadian poultry. Phage typing was key for differentiation, with specific types linked to severe infections in chickens, highlighting epidemiological markers.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Veterinary Science
- Food Safety
Background:
- Salmonella enteritidis is a significant pathogen in poultry, posing risks to animal health and food safety.
- Characterizing circulating strains is crucial for understanding transmission and developing control strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To comprehensively characterize 318 Salmonella enteritidis strains isolated from Canadian poultry and their environments.
- To assess the diagnostic and pathogenic significance of various phenotypic and genotypic markers.
Main Methods:
- Utilized biotyping, phage typing (PT), plasmid profiling (PP), virulence gene probing, antibiotic resistance testing, outer membrane protein (OMP) analysis, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) profiling.
- Assessed relationships between these markers and their epidemiological relevance.
Main Results:
- Phage typing was the most effective for strain differentiation, identifying 12 PTs. Phage type 13 was associated with increased septicemia and mortality in chickens.
- A 36 megadalton (MDa) plasmid was present in 97% of strains and hybridized with a virulence probe.
- Most strains shared common OMP and LPS profiles; 17% exhibited antibiotic resistance, though all remained sensitive to ciprofloxacin.
Conclusions:
- Biotyping markers, like rhamnose fermentation, can indicate epidemiological links.
- Phage typing is a valuable tool for Salmonella enteritidis surveillance and outbreak investigation.
- The prevalence of a specific plasmid and antibiotic resistance patterns provide insights into virulence and public health concerns.