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Effects of amphotericin B on macrophages and their precursor cells
Abstract:
The effect of amphotericin B (AmB) treatment on the mononuclear phagocyte system of mice was investigated. Peritoneal macrophages from mice that received AmB treatment showed a higher phagocytic and antibacterial activity than those from normal untreated mice. When the levels of macrophage precursor cells in bone marrow and spleen were followed in mice after AmB treatment, an eightfold increase in the splenic content of limited stem cells for both macrophages and granulocytes (colony-forming units in culture) and a threefold increase in the number of pluripotent hemopoietic stem cells (colony-forming units in spleen) were observed on day 4. These were also accompanied by a slight increase in the colony-forming units in spleen and in culture in femoral marrows. AmB was capable of inducing a large number of peritoneal colony-forming cells in the peritoneum, and caused a significant rise in the serum level of colony-stimulating factor. No significant change in the level of blood monocytes was noted, although a transient increase in the proportion of neutrophils was observed within 24 h after AmB treatment.
Insights
Amphotericin B (AmB) enhances macrophage activity and stimulates stem cell proliferation in mice. This antifungal treatment boosts the mononuclear phagocyte system, improving immune responses.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- The mononuclear phagocyte system is crucial for immune defense.
- Amphotericin B is a primary antifungal agent with potential immunomodulatory effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of Amphotericin B (AmB) on the mononuclear phagocyte system in mice.
- To assess changes in macrophage activity and hematopoietic stem cell populations post-AmB treatment.
Main Methods:
- Mice were treated with Amphotericin B.
- Peritoneal macrophages were analyzed for phagocytic and antibacterial activity.
- Bone marrow and spleen stem cell populations (colony-forming units) were quantified.
- Serum colony-stimulating factor levels were measured.
Main Results:
- AmB-treated mice exhibited enhanced macrophage phagocytic and antibacterial activity.
- Significant increases in splenic stem cells for macrophages, granulocytes, and pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells were observed.
- AmB induced peritoneal colony-forming cells and elevated serum colony-stimulating factor.
- A transient increase in neutrophils was noted, with no significant change in blood monocytes.
Conclusions:
- Amphotericin B treatment positively modulates the mononuclear phagocyte system in mice.
- AmB stimulates both mature macrophage function and hematopoietic stem cell proliferation.
- The findings suggest AmB has broader immunomodulatory effects beyond its antifungal properties.