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Related Experiment Videos

Pathophysiology of postoperative ileus

J Smith, K A Kelly, R M Weinshilboum

    Archives of Surgery (Chicago, Ill. : 1960)
    |February 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary

    Surgical manipulation of the small bowel in dogs suppressed fasting gastrointestinal contractions and slowed transit. This procedure altered plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine levels, impacting gut motility.

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    Area of Science:

    • Gastroenterology
    • Physiology
    • Surgical Research

    Background:

    • The gastrointestinal tract exhibits regular patterns of motility during fasting, known as the migrating motor complex.
    • Understanding factors that influence gut motility is crucial for diagnosing and treating motility disorders.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of surgical manipulation of the small bowel on gastrointestinal motility and hormone levels in dogs.
    • To determine the role of specific neurotransmitters in mediating these effects.

    Main Methods:

    • Cellotomy, rubbing, and air exposure of the small bowel were performed in eight dogs.
    • Gastrointestinal transit of plastic spheres was measured.
    • Plasma concentrations of epinephrine and norepinephrine were analyzed before and after the procedure.
    • The effects of phentolamine mesylate and propranolol hydrochloride on gastric and small intestinal action potentials were assessed.

    Main Results:

    • Surgical manipulation suppressed migrating bursts of action potentials and contractions in the fasting gastrointestinal tract.
    • Gastrointestinal transit of 7-mm plastic spheres was significantly slowed (one to three days).
    • Transient increases in plasma epinephrine (one day) and prolonged increases in norepinephrine (five days) were observed.
    • Phentolamine and propranolol blocked the inhibition of gastric action potentials but not small intestinal action potentials or transit speed.

    Conclusions:

    • Surgical manipulation of the small bowel profoundly affects gastrointestinal motility and transit in dogs.
    • The observed changes in motility appear to be mediated by a complex interplay of neural and hormonal factors.
    • Adrenergic pathways play a differential role in regulating gastric versus small intestinal motility during fasting.

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