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Related Experiment Videos

Rehydration and nutritional management

B Rivin1, M Santosham

  • 1Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore.

Bailliere'S Clinical Gastroenterology
|June 1, 1993
PubMed
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Diarrhoea causes significant global mortality, especially in children. Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) is a safe and effective treatment, yet its universal implementation faces barriers that must be overcome for optimal patient care.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Diarrhoea is a primary cause of illness and death globally, particularly affecting children under five in developing nations.
  • An estimated 1.5 billion episodes of diarrhoea occur annually in young children, leading to approximately 4 million deaths.
  • Prompt and correct treatment is crucial for reducing diarrhoea-related complications and mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the historical context, achievements, and limitations of various oral rehydration therapies.
  • To recommend a case management strategy aligned with the World Health Organization (WHO) plan for diarrhoea management.
  • To identify and address barriers hindering the universal adoption of oral rehydration therapy (ORT).

Main Methods:

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  • Review of historical data and existing literature on diarrhoea management and oral rehydration therapies.
  • Analysis of the successes and shortcomings of current diarrhoea control programmes.
  • Examination of implementation challenges for oral rehydration therapy (ORT) in diverse healthcare settings.

    • Main Results:

    • Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) is recognized as a safe, effective, convenient, and economical intervention for diarrhoea.
    • Despite its benefits, ORT has not been consistently implemented across all healthcare facilities.
    • Significant challenges impede the widespread adoption and optimal utilization of ORT.

    Conclusions:

    • Effective diarrhoea management relies on oral rehydration and nutritional support, regardless of the aetiology.
    • The World Health Organization (WHO) case management plan serves as a standard for diarrhoeal disease control programs.
    • Overcoming barriers to ORT implementation is essential for ensuring all patients receive optimal care for diarrhoea.