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["Paralytic shellfish poisoning" (author's transl)]

A Zwahlen, M H Blanc, M Robert

Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift

|February 19, 1977

Summary

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An outbreak of paralytic shellfish poisoning in Europe was linked to Spanish mussels. Symptoms included neurological issues like cerebellar syndrome and paralysis, with no fatalities reported.

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Toxicology
Epidemiology

Background:

An epidemic of paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) occurred in Western Europe in October 1976, affecting 120 individuals.
This analysis focuses on 23 cases observed in Switzerland during this outbreak.

Observation:

The most common symptoms were paresthesia of the mouth and lips (100%) and cerebellar syndrome (86%), characterized by giddiness, ataxia, dysmetry, and a floating sensation.
Paresis or paralysis was observed in 62% of cases, with digestive symptoms in 14%. No deaths were recorded.
The mean incubation period was 3.5 hours, and the mean duration of symptoms was 2 days. Asthenia and memory disturbances lasting up to 3 weeks were reported in half of the patients.

Findings:

The severity of PSP is directly correlated with the quantity of ingested neurotoxin.

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The epidemiological investigation identified mussels from the Atlantic coast of Spain as the source of the neurotoxin responsible for all European cases.

Implications:

This event highlights the critical need for robust shellfish monitoring and food safety regulations to prevent neurotoxin contamination.
Understanding the clinical manifestations and epidemiological links of PSP is crucial for public health response during future outbreaks.