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Related Experiment Videos

Age differences in memory-span errors: speed or inhibitory mechanisms?

F H Jurden1, J S Laipple, K T Jones

  • 1Psychology Department, Boise State University, ID 83725.

The Journal of Genetic Psychology
|June 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Older women (75+) make more transposition errors on the digit-span task, suggesting age impacts serial-processing, not digit storage. This finding is discussed within cognitive aging frameworks.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • The digit-span task is a common measure of working memory capacity.
  • Previous research suggests cognitive aging affects various memory processes.
  • Theories like speed-of-processing and inhibition-deficit frameworks attempt to explain age-related cognitive changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate age-related differences in specific error types on the digit-span task.
  • To examine whether age differences in digit-span performance are linked to storage or processing deficits.
  • To explore the role of inhibition and processing speed in cognitive aging.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of digit-span task protocols from 119 adults aged 18-99.
  • Scoring of omission, intrusion, and transposition errors.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Comparison of error patterns across different age groups and sexes.

    • Main Results:

    • Error types varied with span size; larger spans increased omissions and intrusions over transpositions.
    • No age differences were observed in intrusion errors.
    • Old-old women (75+) showed more transposition errors and fewer omission errors compared to younger adults.

    Conclusions:

    • The digit-span task may involve distinct digit storage/recall and serial/position storage-recall processes.
    • Age-sensitive differences appear to reside in the serial-processing component, not digit storage.
    • Findings support the inhibition-deficit framework of cognitive aging.