Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Search research articles

Related Experiment Videos

Refraction as a basis for screening children for squint and amblyopia

The British Journal of Ophthalmology

|January 1, 1977

Summary

Significant hypermetropia and anisometropia in children are strongly linked to esotropia and amblyopia. Refractive error screening may be crucial for early detection of these visual defects.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

The impact of stoma for bowel management after spinal cord injury.

Spinal cord·2012

Same author

Emmetropisation in normal and strabismic children and the associated changes of anisometropia.

Strabismus·2003

Same author

Reduction of astigmatism after infancy in children who did and did not wear glasses and have strabismus.

Strabismus·2001

Same author

Effect of spectacles on changes of spherical hypermetropia in infants who did, and did not, have strabismus.

The British journal of ophthalmology·2000

Same author

Emmetropisation and accommodation in hypermetropic children before they show signs of squint--a preliminary analysis.

Bulletin de la Societe belge d'ophtalmologie·1994

Same author

Vision screening in preschool children.

BMJ (Clinical research ed.)·1992

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Pediatric Optometry
Strabismus Research

Background:

Esotropia and amblyopia are common visual impairments in children.
The role of refractive errors, particularly hypermetropia and anisometropia, in their development requires further elucidation.
Existing screening methods may not fully capture the impact of specific refractive anomalies.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between specific refractive errors (hypermetropia, anisometropia) and the presence and severity of esotropia and amblyopia in children.
To determine if refractive error is a stronger predictor of esotropia/amblyopia than family history.
To evaluate the potential of refractive error-based screening for early detection.

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of a pediatric sample.
Statistical association testing (P-values) between refractive error parameters (spherical hypermetropia, anisometropia) and diagnoses of esotropia and amblyopia.
Comparison of the strength of association between refractive errors and family history for these conditions.

Main Results:

Spherical hypermetropia of +2.00 to +2.75 diopters in the more emmetropic eye significantly correlates with esotropia (P < 0.001) and amblyopia (P < 0.01).
Hypermetropic anisometropia (≥ +1.00 DS or Cyl.) is significantly associated with amblyopia (P < 0.001).
Refractive errors were more strongly associated with esotropia/amblyopia than family history (P < 0.01).

Conclusions:

Refractive errors, specifically hypermetropia and anisometropia, are significantly associated with pediatric esotropia and amblyopia.
A substantial percentage (72%) of cases had significant refractive errors, suggesting their importance.
Reconsidering refractive error assessment as a primary screening tool for young children is warranted.

Related Experiment Videos