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[Renal abscess in patients diagnosed with AIDS and disseminated tuberculosis]
Abstract:
Presentation of two cases of renal abscess formation in patients with stage IV C-1 AIDS and active associated tuberculosis. The microorganism isolated in the first case was S. aureus. Culture of the second cases was artefacted since antibiotic administration had already been started. Also, both patients showed abdominal abscesses, at spleen and liver level in the first case, and prostatic level in the second case, both compatible with Mycobacterium tuberculosis dissemination. Both cases showed a lethal evolution. The role played by the immunodeficiency as a precipitating agent in the extrapulmonary tuberculosis and in the formation of renal abscesses is analyzed.
Insights
This study presents two fatal cases of renal abscesses in patients with advanced acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and active tuberculosis. Immunodeficiency likely contributed to disseminated tuberculosis and abscess formation.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Infectious Diseases
- Immunology
Background:
- Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) significantly compromises the immune system, increasing susceptibility to opportunistic infections.
- Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health challenge, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.
- Renal abscesses are serious kidney infections that can arise from various causes.
Observation:
- Two patients with stage IV C-1 AIDS and active tuberculosis developed renal abscesses.
- The first patient had a renal abscess caused by Staphylococcus aureus and additional abdominal abscesses (spleen, liver).
- The second patient, whose cultures were affected by prior antibiotic treatment, also presented with a renal abscess and a prostatic abscess, suggestive of Mycobacterium tuberculosis dissemination.
Findings:
- Disseminated tuberculosis and renal abscess formation were observed in both patients.
- Staphylococcus aureus was identified as the causative agent in one case.
- Both cases had a lethal outcome, highlighting the severity of these co-infections.
Implications:
- Highlights the critical role of severe immunodeficiency in precipitating extrapulmonary tuberculosis and renal abscesses.
- Underscores the need for vigilant monitoring and prompt management of infections in AIDS patients with active tuberculosis.
- Suggests potential challenges in diagnosing disseminated tuberculosis when antibiotic treatment is initiated early.