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Development of a directional hearing instrument based on array technology

W Soede1, A J Berkhout, F A Bilsen

  • 1Delft University of Technology, Faculty of Applied Physics, The Netherlands.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|August 1, 1993
PubMed
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New directional microphones significantly improve hearing aid performance by reducing background noise. These advanced microphones enhance speech intelligibility in noisy environments, offering a better listening experience.

Area of Science:

  • Acoustics and Signal Processing
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Audiology

Background:

  • Conventional directional hearing aids with cardioid microphones offer limited noise reduction due to low directivity.
  • Effective reduction of background noise is crucial for improving speech intelligibility in hearing aids.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop novel microphone arrays with enhanced directional characteristics for hearing aid applications.
  • To optimize microphone array design for stability and performance.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized array techniques to design and simulate robust microphone models.
  • Conducted free-field simulations to evaluate directivity index (DI).
  • Verified simulation results with a laboratory model and tested portable prototypes using a KEMAR manikin.

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Main Results:

  • Simulations predicted a directivity index of 9 dB at higher frequencies.
  • Laboratory measurements confirmed simulation accuracy.
  • KEMAR manikin tests demonstrated an approximate 7.5 dB improvement in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in diffuse sound fields.

Conclusions:

  • Developed directional microphones achieve significant noise reduction capabilities.
  • The enhanced SNR indicates a substantial improvement in speech intelligibility in noisy conditions.
  • The findings support the practical application of these microphones in advanced hearing aids.