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Carbohydrate ingestion during exercise: liquid vs solid feedings

W L Mason1, G McConell, M Hargreaves

  • 1Exercise Metabolism Unit, Victoria University of Technology, Footscray, Australia.

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
|August 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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This study found that both liquid and solid carbohydrate supplements provide similar blood glucose and insulin responses during exercise. The physical form of carbohydrate intake does not impact these key metabolic markers during physical activity.

Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Sports Nutrition
  • Metabolic Responses

Background:

  • Carbohydrate supplementation is crucial for maintaining performance during prolonged exercise.
  • The physical form of carbohydrate (liquid vs. solid) may influence absorption and metabolic responses.
  • Understanding these differences is important for optimizing sports nutrition strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of liquid versus solid carbohydrate supplements on blood glucose and insulin levels during endurance exercise.
  • To compare the metabolic effects of a rice-based liquid carbohydrate (L-CHO) versus a solid carbohydrate bar (S-CHO).

Main Methods:

  • Six trained male subjects completed three randomized exercise trials at 65% VO2max.
  • Participants ingested a placebo (CON), liquid carbohydrate (L-CHO), or solid carbohydrate (S-CHO) at set intervals during 2 hours of exercise.

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  • Blood glucose and plasma insulin levels were monitored throughout the exercise sessions.

    • Main Results:

    • Carbohydrate ingestion significantly increased blood glucose levels compared to placebo.
    • No significant differences in blood glucose response were found between liquid (L-CHO) and solid (S-CHO) forms.
    • Plasma insulin levels were elevated after carbohydrate ingestion, with no difference between L-CHO and S-CHO.

    Conclusions:

    • The physical form of carbohydrate supplementation (liquid vs. solid) does not alter blood glucose or insulin responses during prolonged exercise.
    • Both liquid and solid carbohydrate sources are equally effective in modulating key metabolic markers during exercise.
    • These findings support the use of either liquid or solid carbohydrate forms for athletes based on preference and convenience.