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Stress-triggered abortion in mice prevented by alloimmunization

D A Clark1, D Banwatt, G Chaouat

  • 1Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

American Journal of Reproductive Immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989)
|April 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Immunotherapy may prevent stress-induced spontaneous abortions in mice. This suggests potential treatments for pregnancy loss, even for causes potentially treatable by psychotherapy.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Immunology
  • Immunogenetics
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine

Background:

  • Spontaneous abortion is a significant concern in human pregnancy.
  • Certain triggers of abortion may be influenced by psychological factors.
  • Alloimmunization strategies are being explored for reproductive health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of immunotherapy in preventing stress-induced abortions.
  • To determine if alloimmunization can counteract abortion triggers potentially treatable by psychotherapy.
  • To explore the immunological mechanisms underlying stress-induced pregnancy loss.

Main Methods:

  • Pregnant mice (C3H/HeJ, CBA/J, A/J, BALB/k) were subjected to various stressors (restraint, ultrasonic noise).
  • Alloimmunization with paternal or allogeneic splenocytes was performed before mating or during pregnancy.

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  • Abortion and resorption rates were assessed at different gestational stages.

    • Main Results:

    • Restraint stress increased abortion rates in susceptible mouse strains (DBA/2-mated C3H/HeJ), an effect significantly reduced by premating alloimmunization.
    • Some mouse strains (CBA/J, A/J) were resistant to stress-induced abortion.
    • Alloimmunization with specific major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens showed protective effects against stress-induced pregnancy loss in certain contexts.
    • Preimmunization with allogeneic but not syngeneic splenocytes ameliorated pregnancy loss in BALB/k mice subjected to ultrasonic noise.

    Conclusions:

    • Immunotherapy, specifically alloimmunization, demonstrates potential in preventing spontaneous abortions.
    • These findings suggest immunotherapy could be a therapeutic avenue for pregnancy loss, including cases with potential psychological triggers.
    • The study highlights the role of maternal immune responses in mediating the effects of stress on pregnancy outcomes.