Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 25, 2026

10:50
Primary Culture of Human Vestibular Schwannomas
Published on: July 20, 2014
Dumbbell ganglioneuromas in childhood
Abstract:
The incidence of dumbbell tumors among spinal neoplasms is between 10% and 15%. Approximately 1% of neoplasms located at or near the spinal cord are ganglioneuromas. Ganglioneuromas are rare, slow-growing, benign tumors arising from sympathetic ganglia. The cases of two children with spinal dumbbell ganglioneuroma are presented. The tumors were totally resected by combined surgery in both patients. The patients are neurologically intact 5 and 4 years respectively after surgery.
Related Concept Videos
Neurulation
Neurulation is the embryological process which forms the precursors of the central nervous system and occurs after gastrulation has established the three primary cell layers of the embryo: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. In humans, the majority of this system is formed via primary neurulation, in which the central portion of the ectoderm—originally appearing as a flat sheet of cells—folds upwards and inwards, sealing off to form a hollow neural tube. As development proceeds, the anterior...
Peripheral Nervous System: Ganglia and Nerves
The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) is a crucial component of the body's neural network, extending beyond the central nervous system (CNS) to bridge the gap between the CNS and the external environment. It encompasses nerves, ganglia, and sensory receptors.
Nerves
The nerve is a bundle of axons that serves as the communication highway in the PNS. Each nerve is ensheathed in a protective layer of connective tissue called the epineurium. This outermost layer safeguards the nerve and supports the...
Nerves
The nerve is a bundle of axons that serves as the communication highway in the PNS. Each nerve is ensheathed in a protective layer of connective tissue called the epineurium. This outermost layer safeguards the nerve and supports the...
Sympathetic Pathways: Sympathetic Chain Ganglia
The sympathetic chain ganglia, also known as the sympathetic trunk ganglia or paravertebral ganglia, are a series of ganglia located bilaterally on either side of the spinal column. These ganglia serve as relay stations for the sympathetic nervous system. Preganglionic neurons originating in the spinal cord project their axons to the sympathetic chain ganglia. Within the ganglia, these preganglionic fibers synapse with postganglionic neurons.The postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic trunk...

