[General diseases and the posterior eye segment]

Several systemic diseases show manifestations on the retina and choroid. Ophthalmologists may contribute essentially to confirm the diagnosis and also in evaluating the therapeutic success. In patients with polytrauma, affections of the optic nerve, but also in patients with severe internal complications examination and follow up of the patients by an ophthalmologist is of paramount importance. Preeclampsia and eclampsia e.g. during pregnancy show in a high percentage disturbances of the visual system, and may require accompanying guidance by an ophthalmologist. In this presentation the rare complications of retina and choroid are discussed. The more important manifestations in systemic diseases and their complications concerning the visual system are discussed in the other presentations.