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[Endothelin: the vasoconstrictor of the 1990's?]
La Revue De Medecine Interne
|April 1, 1993
Summary
Endothelin, a peptide from vascular endothelium, causes prolonged blood vessel contraction. Its levels increase in various diseases, suggesting therapeutic potential.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Physiology
- Endocrinology
Context:
- The vascular endothelium produces various vasoactive substances.
- Endothelin is a potent vasoconstrictor peptide identified recently.
- Its role in regulating vascular tone is under investigation.
Purpose:
- To describe the properties and functions of endothelin.
- To review the stimuli for endothelin secretion and its mechanism of action.
- To discuss the clinical relevance and potential therapeutic applications of endothelin.
Summary:
- Endothelin is a 21-amino acid peptide secreted by endothelial cells, inducing intense and prolonged vasoconstriction.
- It acts by increasing intracellular calcium concentration via specific membrane receptors.
- Endothelin exhibits diverse vascular and extravascular effects, including effects on heart rate, renal function, and smooth muscle proliferation.
Impact:
- Elevated plasma endothelin levels are observed in conditions like renal failure, hypertension, and asthma.
- Further research into endothelin antagonists and synthesis inhibitors may lead to novel therapeutic strategies.
- Understanding endothelin's role is crucial for managing cardiovascular and other diseases.