Bacterial, fungal, parasitic, and viral colitis

Colitides of bacterial, fungal, parasitic, and viral origin require an organized approach for diagnosis and treatment. Many colitides are transmitted through poor hygienic practices. However, increasing numbers of patients are at risk because of immunocompromise. This population includes the elderly, individuals taking steroids or immunosuppressive agents, and HIV-seropositive individuals. This latter group of individuals is at high risk not only because of immunocompromise but also because of practices such as oroanal intercourse with infected partners. These facts suggest that both the prevalence and the geographic scope of infectious colitides will continue to expand. Undoubtedly, the surgeon will be called on to assist in the diagnosis and management of the complications.