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Coronavirus infection in cats

J D Hoskins1

  • 1Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Route.

The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Small Animal Practice
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
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Feline coronavirus causes FIP disease and enteritis in cats, with transmission routes still under investigation. Diagnosis involves antibody titers, and a vaccine is available for healthy cats.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Virology
  • Feline Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Feline coronavirus (FCoV) infection can lead to Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) disease or enteritis in cats.
  • Transmission routes of FCoV between cats remain largely unelucidated.
  • FCoV is shed via feces, oronasal secretions, and potentially urine, remaining stable in the environment for weeks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the current understanding of feline coronavirus infection in cats.
  • To outline diagnostic approaches for FCoV infection.
  • To inform about available preventive measures against FCoV.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on feline coronavirus.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria for FCoV infection.
  • Evaluation of vaccine efficacy and availability.

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Main Results:

  • Feline coronavirus causes significant morbidity and mortality, manifesting as FIP or enteritis.
  • Environmental stability and shedding routes highlight potential transmission pathways.
  • Diagnostic methods include serological antibody testing and exclusion of other diseases.
  • An intranasal vaccine (TS-FIPV) offers protection against natural FCoV challenge.

Conclusions:

  • Feline coronavirus infection poses a significant threat to feline health.
  • Accurate diagnosis relies on a combination of clinical signs, laboratory data, and serology.
  • Environmental hygiene and vaccination are key strategies for managing FCoV in feline populations.