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Perinatal infections

L Lynch1, A Ghidini

  • 1Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York.

Current Opinion in Obstetrics & Gynecology
|February 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New research expands knowledge on perinatal infections, including Hepatitis C virus, Parvovirus B19, and Cytomegalovirus. Understanding transmission risks and prenatal diagnosis is crucial for maternal and infant health.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Perinatology

Background:

  • Perinatal infections pose significant risks to maternal and fetal health.
  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV), Parvovirus B19, and Cytomegalovirus (CMV) are key pathogens with perinatal implications.
  • Increasing knowledge on these infections is vital for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current information on infections impacting pregnancy.
  • To highlight transmission risks and fetal outcomes associated with HCV, B19, and CMV.
  • To emphasize the importance of prenatal diagnosis and ongoing research.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent discoveries in perinatal infections.
  • Analysis of prevalence, transmission rates, and clinical effects.

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  • Discussion of diagnostic capabilities and research directions.

    • Main Results:

    • HCV affects ~2% of obstetric populations, with higher rates in specific risk groups; vertical transmission is ~4.5%, increased with HIV coinfection.
    • Parvovirus B19 infection risks fetal anemia and hydrops in ~9% of cases, with potential for growth retardation.
    • Cytomegalovirus is the most common congenital infection; primary maternal infection poses severe fetal risks, while recurrent infections have lower transmission rates.

    Conclusions:

    • Hepatitis C virus, Parvovirus B19, and Cytomegalovirus present distinct perinatal challenges.
    • Understanding risk factors, transmission dynamics, and diagnostic tools is essential for mitigating adverse outcomes.
    • Continued research is necessary to further delineate transmission factors for viruses like human immunodeficiency virus type 1.