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Response regulation in bacterial chemotaxis

G S Lukat1, J B Stock

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, New Jersey 08544.

Journal of Cellular Biochemistry
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Bacterial chemotaxis uses signal transduction to control swimming behavior. Key proteins like CheY and CheZ regulate cell responses to environmental chemicals, enabling directed movement.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Bacterial chemotaxis is a crucial process for cell survival and adaptation.
  • Signal transduction pathways, involving proteins like CheA, CheW, CheR, and CheB, mediate responses to chemical stimuli.
  • The response regulator CheY plays a central role in controlling bacterial motility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the structure and function of the CheY protein in bacterial chemotaxis.
  • To understand the role of specific amino acid residues, such as Asp and Lys109, in CheY activity and regulation.
  • To investigate the interaction between CheY, CheZ, and the flagellar motor switch complex.

Main Methods:

  • Structural determination of the CheY protein.
  • Biochemical assays to assess CheY activity and phosphorylation.

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  • Site-directed mutagenesis to investigate the function of key residues.
  • Analysis of suppressor mutations in the flagellar switch complex.

    • Main Results:

    • The structure of CheY was determined, revealing essential roles for magnesium ions and conserved Asp residues in its active site.
    • Lys109 was identified as critical for the phosphorylation-induced conformational change in CheY, facilitating interactions with other components.
    • CheZ was confirmed to dephosphorylate CheY, and its function is linked to modulating the flagellar switch bias.
    • Mutations in the flagellar switch complex can suppress defects in CheY and CheZ, highlighting intricate regulatory feedback loops.

    Conclusions:

    • CheY structure and active site residues are vital for its phosphorylation and interaction with the flagellar motor.
    • CheZ acts as a phosphatase for CheY, regulating the signal transduction pathway.
    • The interplay between CheY, CheZ, and the flagellar switch complex provides a sophisticated mechanism for bacterial navigation.