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Related Experiment Videos

Congenital diffuse necrotizing herpetic retinitis

A M Mansour1, M M Nichols

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77550.

Graefe'S Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology = Albrecht Von Graefes Archiv Fur Klinische Und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie
|February 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Neonatal herpes simplex virus infection can occur before birth. This case confirms in utero transmission causing severe brain and eye damage in a newborn.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal infections
  • Virology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Neonatal herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections are typically acquired during passage through the birth canal.
  • Postnatal infections manifest with systemic lesions days to weeks after delivery.

Observation:

  • A newborn with prenatal hydrocephalus diagnosis expired at 1 day of age.
  • Clinicopathologic examination revealed severe liquefaction necrosis and calcification in the brain, adrenal glands, and retina.
  • Cowdry type A intranuclear inclusions were identified in adrenal glands and retina.

Findings:

  • This case documents the first instance of in utero transmission of HSV.
  • Polymerase chain reaction confirmed HSV infection.
  • The infection resulted in fulminant necrotizing retinitis and encephalitis.

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Implications:

  • In utero HSV transmission is a rare but devastating cause of neonatal mortality.
  • Early diagnosis and intervention strategies for prenatal HSV exposure are critical.
  • This case highlights the importance of considering congenital HSV infection in neonates with unexplained neurological and ocular abnormalities.