[Urinary tract infections and abnormalities of the urinary tract in childhood]

The results of an ambulant two-year kidney diagnostic study are compared with those of in-patients from the same period. In 932 intravenous urographies and 616 voiding urethrocystographies the rate of pyelonephritis and vesico-ureteral reflux in girls was significantly higher than in boys (p less than 0.005). Furthermore pyelonephritis was found more often in out-patients (p less than 0.01) than in in-patients. Focal scarring of kidneys occurred in 60% of children with reflux, and only in 6% of those without reflux. The correlation between pyelonephritis and reflux is confirmed. Urinary tract anomalies were seen in 25,8% irregular urographies in 39.3% of our patients. Double kidneys were seen in girls in a statistically higher rate than in boys (p less than 0.05), hydronephrosis and urinary calculi occurred more often in boys (p less than 0.05). Corrective surgery was performed in 71.4% of the children with reflux, follow-up control (54.7%) showed a relaps in no case.