Plasma cells in vertebrate paraocular glands

Area of Science:

• Comparative immunology
• Histology
• Ocular and glandular anatomy

Background:

• The Harderian and lachrymal glands produce secretions that may contribute to local immunity.
• Understanding the distribution of immune cells within these glands can elucidate their role in host defense.

Purpose of the Study:

• To histologically examine the Harderian and lachrymal glands of various mammals and reptiles for plasma cells.
• To compare the extent of plasma cell infiltration in these glands across different species.
• To investigate the potential role of glandular secretions in local immunity.

Main Methods:

• Histological examination of Harderian and lachrymal glands from eight mammalian species and two reptile species.
• Quantification and comparison of plasma cell infiltration in glandular tissues.
• Comparative analysis with plasma cell presence in the Harderian gland of fowl.

Main Results:

• Moderate plasma cell accumulations were observed in the Harderian and/or lachrymal glands of goats, sheep, cows, horses, dogs, and pigs.
• Few plasma cells were detected in the glands of mice and rabbits.
• No plasma cells were found in snake glands, while some were present in lizard glands.

Conclusions:

• Plasma cells are present in the Harderian and lachrymal glands of various mammals and some reptiles, suggesting a role in local immunity.
• The distribution of plasma cells varies significantly across species, indicating diverse immune functions.
• Glandular secretions are proposed to contribute to local immune responses.