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Opiates increase plasma catecholamines in humans

M Hoehe1, T Duka

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Munich, Germany.

Psychoneuroendocrinology
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Opioid medications, like fentanyl, increase stress hormones (catecholamines) in humans, similar to animal studies. This suggests both mu and kappa opioid receptors may be involved in this response.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Animal studies indicate central opioids elevate catecholamines (CA) via sympathetic nervous system activation.
  • Opiate effects on human sympathetic outflow are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dose-dependent effects of fentanyl on human catecholamine plasma concentrations.
  • To compare the catecholamine-releasing potency of different opioid receptor agonists and antagonists in humans.

Main Methods:

  • Healthy males received increasing doses of fentanyl (0.1–0.25 mg/70 kg).
  • Plasma concentrations of noradrenaline (NA) and adrenaline (A) were measured.
  • Effects were compared to equipotent doses of morphine and nalbuphine.

Main Results:

  • Fentanyl significantly increased NA and A plasma concentrations in a dose-dependent manner.
  • Adrenaline showed maximum response at the lowest fentanyl dose, while noradrenaline increased continuously.
  • Opioid-induced catecholamine release was observed with mu and kappa receptor-acting drugs.

Conclusions:

  • Opioid administration stimulates catecholamine release in humans.
  • Both mu and kappa opioid receptors may mediate this effect.
  • Findings align with animal models, suggesting conserved mechanisms of opioid action.

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