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Increased phospholipase C activity in neoplastic thyroid membrane

K Kobayashi1, J K Shaver, W Liang

  • 1UCSF/Mount Zion Medical Center San Francisco.

Thyroid : Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Phospholipase C (PLC) activity is elevated in neoplastic thyroid membranes compared to normal tissue. This increased PLC activity may contribute to the enhanced growth observed in some thyroid tumors, including adenomas and carcinomas.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • The phospholipase C (PLC)-protein kinase C (PKC) pathway is implicated in cellular growth.
  • Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor-adenylate cyclase-protein kinase A system alterations in thyroid tumors do not consistently correlate with tumor aggressiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate phospholipase C (PLC) activity in normal and neoplastic human thyroid tissues.
  • To determine if PLC activity differs between benign (follicular adenomas) and malignant (papillary carcinomas) thyroid neoplasms.

Main Methods:

  • Preparation of membrane and cytosol fractions from normal and neoplastic thyroid tissues of 11 patients.
  • Assay of phospholipase C (PLC) activity by measuring the hydrolysis of [3H]-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-diphosphate (PIP2).

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Main Results:

  • PLC activity was significantly higher in neoplastic thyroid membrane fractions compared to normal thyroid membranes (20.91 vs. 14.27 nmol PIP2 hydrolyzed/mg protein/120 min, p < 0.05).
  • PLC activity in the cytosol fraction was similar between neoplastic and normal thyroid tissues.
  • No significant difference in PLC activity was observed between membrane fractions of follicular adenomas and papillary carcinomas.

Conclusions:

  • Neoplastic thyroid membranes exhibit increased phospholipase C (PLC) activity compared to normal thyroid membranes.
  • Elevated PLC activity in thyroid neoplasms may play a role in promoting tumor growth.
  • PLC activity is similar in both benign and malignant thyroid neoplasms.