Rheumatoid arthritis: new science, new treatment

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease that occurs two to four times as often in women as in men and increases in incidence with advancing age. It affects synovial-lined joints and can also affect the pulmonary, cardiac, nervous, integumentary, and reticuloendothelial systems. RA is manifested clinically by malaise and fatigue, followed by a symmetric pattern of joint inflammation characterized by pain and stiffness. RA most likely occurs in the setting of a genetically predisposed individual, triggered by infectious agents or endogenous antigens. Many of the newer treatments being studied involve blocking cytokine-mediated interactions between cells of the synovium.