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Evaluating housing systems for veal calves

P Le Neindre1

  • 1Laboratoire de l'Adaptation des Herbivores aux Milieux, INRA Theix, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France.

Journal of Animal Science
|May 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Intensive veal calf farming housing systems, including stalls and crates, can negatively impact calf welfare and growth. Large crates with open partitions or improved group pens offer better alternatives, alongside dietary enrichment and breed considerations.

Area of Science:

  • Animal Welfare Science
  • Agricultural Science
  • Veterinary Medicine

Background:

  • Intensive veal calf farming presents welfare challenges due to space, diet, and social environment limitations.
  • Current housing systems like tether stalls and crates often restrict natural behaviors and negatively affect calf health and growth.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the welfare implications of different housing systems for veal calves.
  • To identify optimal housing, dietary, and management strategies to improve veal calf welfare.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of welfare indicators across various housing systems (stalls, crates, group pens).
  • Assessment of the impact of dietary composition (milk-only vs. roughage inclusion) on calf welfare.
  • Consideration of breed-specific adaptations (Friesian vs. Salers) and slaughter age.

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Main Results:

  • Tether stalls are inadequate; small crates impair welfare and growth. Large crates with open partitions are acceptable but less ideal than improved group pens.
  • Inclusion of roughage enriches the environment and improves welfare compared to milk-only diets.
  • Friesian calves show better adaptation to veal operations than Salers calves.

Conclusions:

  • Optimizing group pens with better flooring and feeding systems, alongside dietary enrichment, is crucial for veal calf welfare.
  • Promoting alternative systems like dam-rearing and considering breed differences and appropriate slaughter age are important for ethical veal production.