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[Persistent virus infections--mechanisms and consequences]

O R Kaaden1

  • 1Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektions- und Seuchenmedizin, Tierärztliche Fakultät, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München.

Zentralblatt Fur Hygiene Und Umweltmedizin = International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine
|February 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Persistent virus infections are evolutionary strategies for viruses to evade immune responses and ensure survival. This review details three key mechanisms: epitope masking, viral genome integration, and unconventional agents causing spongiform encephalopathies.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Evolutionary Biology

Context:

  • Persistent viral infections are common across diverse species and virus families.
  • Understanding these infections is crucial for managing host-pathogen interactions.
  • Viral persistence represents a significant evolutionary adaptation.

Purpose:

  • To review and detail key mechanisms of viral persistence.
  • To highlight strategies viruses employ to evade host immunity.
  • To discuss specific examples of persistent infections.

Summary:

  • Viruses establish persistent infections as evolutionary strategies for immune evasion and perpetuation.
  • Three primary mechanisms are discussed: masking of epitopes (e.g., Aleutian Disease Parvovirus), viral genome integration (retroviruses), and unconventional agents causing spongiform encephalopathies (e.g., BSE, scrapie).

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  • These strategies allow viruses to survive and replicate within the host despite immune pressure.

    • Impact:

    • Provides insights into viral evolution and host-pathogen dynamics.
    • Informs strategies for controlling persistent viral diseases.
    • Enhances understanding of diseases like spongiform encephalopathies.