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Necrotizing enterocolitis and hyperviscosity in the newborn infant

D O Hakanson, W Oh

The Journal of Pediatrics

|March 1, 1977

Summary

This study found that small-for-gestational age infants with hyperviscosity (HV) had a significantly higher incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). HV may be a contributing factor to gastrointestinal ischemia and NEC development in these infants.

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Area of Science:

Neonatalogy
Pediatric Gastroenterology
Hematology

Background:

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a serious condition in premature infants.
Small-for-gestational age (SGA) infants are at increased risk for various complications.
Hyperviscosity (HV), an abnormal increase in blood viscosity, has been investigated as a potential risk factor.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the incidence of hyperviscosity in small-for-gestational age infants.
To investigate the association between hyperviscosity and necrotizing enterocolitis in SGA infants.

Main Methods:

A one-year prospective survey was conducted.
Blood viscosity was measured in SGA infants.
Incidence of NEC was compared between SGA infants with and without HV.

Main Results:

A significant increase in NEC incidence was observed in SGA infants with HV compared to those with normal viscosity (p < 0.005).
Five out of 14 SGA infants with HV developed NEC, versus one out of 65 SGA infants with normal viscosity.
SGA infants with HV and NEC had longer gestational periods and higher birth weights, and lacked signs of asphyxia distress.

Conclusions:

Hyperviscosity is associated with a significantly increased risk of necrotizing enterocolitis in small-for-gestational age infants.
HV may contribute to gastrointestinal ischemia, leading to NEC.
Unlike previous findings, asphyxia distress was not a prominent feature in HV-associated NEC cases.

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