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[Active immunization against hepatitis A. Comparison of various immunization schedules]
R Müller1, H L Bock, R Clemens
1Abteilung Gastroenterologie und Hepatologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover.
Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)
|August 6, 1993
Summary
A shortened two-dose hepatitis A vaccine schedule (day 0 and 14) is as effective as the standard four-week interval, offering a convenient alternative for immunization.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Vaccinology
- Public Health
Background:
- Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection is a significant public health concern.
- Standard immunization protocols for HAV vaccines involve specific dosing intervals.
- Optimizing vaccine schedules can improve patient compliance and resource allocation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the efficacy and tolerability of different hepatitis A immunization schedules.
- To evaluate the immunogenicity of a shortened two-week interval between the first two HAV vaccine doses.
- To determine if a three-dose regimen offers advantages over a two-dose schedule.
Main Methods:
- 144 healthy adults were randomized into three groups.
- Group 1 received HAV vaccine on days 0 and 14; Group 2 on days 0 and 28; Group 3 on days 0, 14, and 28.
- All participants received a booster dose after one year, with antibody levels monitored.
Main Results:
- Seroconversion rates reached 95-100% after the second dose across groups.
- All participants were anti-HAV positive after the booster.
- Antibody levels remained detectable for at least 12 months, with no significant difference between the two-dose schedules.
- A three-dose schedule did not yield significantly higher antibody levels.
Conclusions:
- A two-dose HAV vaccination schedule with a 14-day interval is a viable alternative to the standard 28-day interval.
- The shortened schedule demonstrates comparable immunogenicity and tolerability.
- A third initial dose does not provide additional immunogenic benefit.